Labels

alam (8) amal (100) anak (293) anak yatim (118) bilingual (22) bisnis dan pelayanan (6) budaya (7) dakwah (84) dhuafa (18) for fun (12) Gene (218) guru (57) hadiths (10) halal-haram (24) Hoax dan Rekayasa (34) hukum (68) hukum islam (53) indonesia (564) islam (546) jakarta (34) kekerasan terhadap anak (351) kesehatan (96) Kisah Dakwah (10) Kisah Sedekah (11) konsultasi (11) kontroversi (5) korupsi (27) KPK (16) Kristen (14) lingkungan (19) mohon bantuan (40) muallaf (48) my books (2) orang tua (7) palestina (34) pemerintah (136) Pemilu 2009 (63) pendidikan (497) pengumuman (27) perang (10) perbandingan agama (11) pernikahan (10) pesantren (32) politik (127) Politik Indonesia (53) Progam Sosial (60) puasa (38) renungan (171) Sejarah (5) sekolah (74) shalat (7) sosial (321) tanya-jawab (15) taubat (6) umum (13) Virus Corona (24)

05 April, 2006

Basic Info about Islam in Qur'anic Verses

Assalamu'alaikum wr.wb.,

I recently met a new Muslim who asked me to prove the Truth of Islam using verses from the Holy Qur’an (Koran). This is the result.

The Holy Qur'an

This is my favourite translation and from an official and reliable source: the King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Qur'an. There are a lot of graphics on the page and so it takes several seconds to load. Each chapter is in small sections so you have to be patient. However, the level of language and explanation in footnotes is worth the wait if you really want to understand. This is the website that I always use when quoting the Qur'an in English or Indonesian. The translation here is more complex than the one given below, meaning it expands ideas rather than simplifying them.

The Holy Qur'an

The Meanings Of The Holy Qur'an by Abdullah Yusuf Ali

http://www.wam.umd.edu/~stwright/rel/islam/Quran.html

This website opens the whole chapter in one page so there is no waiting time to read a chapter in parts. Some of the English is a little archaic (like the Bible/Shakespeare- “wherefore goest thou”) so its not my favourite style of English translation. But it’s fast. The translation here is a little more simplistic, meaning it simplifies ideas rather than expanding them.

I have collected a number of verses, and will try to put them into the context by adding a few notes if it seems necessary. But most of the verses are already clear by themselves.

NOTE: a chapter in the Qur’an (Koran) is called a Surah/Surat.

QS = Qur’an Surah (or Qur’an Chapter).

QS: 7.1 = Qur’an Chapter 7, Verse 1.

All of the following verses are copied from the first website given above.

You will note that there are many words in brackets in the verses. These are added words from the translators to make the meaning clear. (The added words are not in the original Arabic). There is little dispute about these meanings. In case there are differing opinions, there are footnotes added with other interpretations.

Example: The word “kitab” in Arabic is usually translated as “Book”. This word is used for the Qur’an, the Bible and also the Torah. So, in each case, the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) explained to his companions which of these “books” was being referred to. Sometimes it’s only one of them, sometimes it’s all three.

Wassalamu'alaikum wr.wb.,

Gene Netto

FIRST OF ALL, HERE IS PROOF THAT ALLAH (GOD) CHOOSES ISLAM AS THE RELIGION FOR ALL MANKIND.

QS: 5.3

3. Forbidden to you (for food) are: Al-Maitah (the dead animals - cattle - beast not slaughtered), blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which Allâh’s Name has not been mentioned while slaughtering, (that which has been slaughtered as a sacrifice for others than Allâh, or has been slaughtered for idols) and that which has been killed by strangling, or by a violent blow, or by a headlong fall, or by the goring of horns - and that which has been (partly) eaten by a wild animal - unless you are able to slaughter it (before its death) - and that which is sacrificed (slaughtered) on An-Nusub [1] (stone-altars). (Forbidden) also is to use arrows seeking luck or decision; (all) that is Fisqun (disobedience of Allâh and sin). This day, those who disbelieved have given up all hope of your religion; so fear them not, but fear Me. This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islâm as your religion. But as for him who is forced by severe hunger, with no inclination to sin (such can eat these above mentioned meats), then surely, Allâh is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

This was the last verse (revelation) given to the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) in his last sermon before his death. After this verse was revealed there were no others. And all of the revealed verses that had been memorized by the Prophet and his companions were then rearranged and placed in the order we find today making the Holy Qur’an.

QS: 3.84-85

84. Say (O Muhammad): "We believe in Allâh and in what has been sent down to us, and what was sent down to Ibrâhîm (Abraham), Ismâ‘îl (Ishmael), Ishâq (Isaac), Ya‘qûb (Jacob) and Al-Asbât [the offspring of the twelve sons of Ya‘qûb (Jacob)] and what was given to Mûsâ (Moses), ‘Îsâ (Jesus) and the Prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between one another among them and to Him (Allâh) we have submitted (in Islâm)."

85. And whoever seeks a religion other than Islâm, it will never be accepted of him, and in the Hereafter he will be one of the losers[1].

No explanation should be needed. These verses are already clear. God has spoken. It’s up to you to believe or not.

ANYONE WHO ENTERS ISLAM AND THEN LEAVES AGAIN IS CURSED

QS: 3.86-91


86. How shall Allâh guide a people who disbelieved after their belief and after they bore witness that the Messenger (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) is true and after clear proofs had come unto them? And Allâh guides not the people who are Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers).

87. They are those whose recompense is that on them (rests) the Curse of Allâh, of the angels, and of all mankind.

88. They will abide therein (Hell). Neither will their torment be lightened, nor will it be delayed or postponed (for a while).

89. Except for those who repent after that and do righteous deeds. Verily, Allâh is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

90. Verily, those who disbelieved after their Belief and then went on increasing in their disbelief (i.e. disbelief in the Qur’ân and in Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) - never will their repentance be accepted [because they repent only by their tongues and not from their hearts]. And they are those who are astray.


91. Verily, those who disbelieved, and died while they were disbelievers, the (whole) earth full of gold will not be accepted from anyone of them even if they offered it as a ransom[2]. For them is a painful torment and they will have no helpers.

PROOF OF MUHAMMAD AS THE MESSENGER

QS: 7.158

158. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم): "O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all as the Messenger of Allâh - to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. Lâ ilâha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He). It is He Who gives life and causes death. So believe in Allâh and His Messenger (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), the Prophet who can neither read nor write (i.e. Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), who believes in Allâh and His Words [(this Qur’ân), the Taurât (Torah) and the Injeel (Gospel) and also Allâh’s Word: "Be!" - and he was, i.e. ‘Îsâ (Jesus) son of Maryam (Mary), عليهما السلام], and follow him so that you may be guided.[3]"

If you choose not to accept Muhammad as the Messenger of Allah, then explain why. Allah’s verses are very clear. If you want Allah to guide you so that you can earn the right to go to heaven then you must FOLLOW the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) because he is Allah’s final Messenger, who replaces the teachings of all previous Prophets. Anything else is automatically incorrect, such as following Jesus or Moses and so on.

In the same way, a company following outdated tax laws from 1930 and not the updated tax laws from this year cannot be considered correct.

It’s just that simple. God is not that complex or mysterious when it comes to His dealings with us. He is able to explain Himself in a clear, simple, and logical fashion so that we will find it easy to believe.

PROOF THAT MUHAMMMAD DIDN’T CREATE THE QUR’AN

QS: 53.2-4

2. Your companion (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) has neither gone astray nor has erred.

3. Nor does he speak of (his own) desire.

4. It is only a Revelation revealed.

THOSE WHO LOVE ALLAH (GOD) FOLLOW & OBEY THE PROPHET

QS: 3:31-32

31. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم to mankind): "If you (really) love Allâh then follow me (i.e. accept Islâmic Monotheism, follow the Qur’ân and the Sunnah), Allâh will love you and forgive you your sins. And Allâh is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful."

32. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم): "Obey Allâh and the Messenger (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم)." But if they turn away, then Allâh does not like the disbelievers[1].

Any person who is not following the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) by, for example, IGNORING the 5 daily prayers, not fasting, not paying taxes (zakat) and so on, then that person is proving that they do not love Allah. They may say with their mouth that they have faith and are a Muslim, but with their actions they disprove what they say.

NO CHANGE ALLOWED IN THE RELIGION THAT GOD HAS DETERMINED

QS: 30.29-32

29. Nay, but those who do wrong follow their own lusts without knowledge. Then who will guide him whom Allâh has sent astray? And for such there will be no helpers.

30. So set you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) your face towards the religion (of pure Islâmic Monotheism) Hanîf (worship none but Allâh Alone). Allâh’s Fitrah (i.e. Allâh’s Islâmic Monotheism) with which He has created mankind. No change let there be in Khalq-illâh (i.e. the religion of Allâh - Islâmic Monotheism): that is the straight religion, but most of men know not.[2] [Tafsir At-Tabarî]

31. (And remain always) turning in repentance to Him (only), and be afraid and dutiful to Him; and perform As-Salât (Iqâmat-as-Salât) and be not of Al-Mushrikûn (the polytheists, idolaters, disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah).

32. Of those who split up their religion (i.e. who left the true Islâmic Monotheism), and became sects, [i.e. they invented new things in the religion (Bid‘ah), and followed their vain desires], each sect rejoicing in that which is with it.[3]

THINKING, RATHER THAN FEELING, IS IMPORTANT

QS: 7.175

175. And recite (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) to them the story of him to whom We gave Our Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.), but he threw them away; so Shaitân (Satan) followed him up, and he became of those who went astray.

176. And had We willed, We would surely have elevated him therewith but he clung to the earth and followed his own vain desire. So his parable is the parable of a dog: if you drive him away, he lolls his tongue out, or if you leave him alone, he (still) lolls his tongue out. Such is the parable of the people who reject Our Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.). So relate the stories, perhaps they may reflect.

To reflect on something means to think about it. Use your brain. Think. Discuss with a teacher. Think. Consider what is right and wrong. Think. Find logic and Truth in the verses/proof that Allah has sent to us. Think. Study. Think.

Many people who call themselves “spiritual” reject thinking in favour of feeling. Allah (Almighty God) does not command people to feel something spiritual in their heart before they can commit to worshiping Him and following His chosen religion.

He commands us to REFLECT/think.

God’s desire is to influence us to THINK and seek the truth. He wants us to use our brains and detect false prophets and ideas. He wants us to know and understand Him, not just have blind faith based on feelings. We must know or have knowledge of Allah and Islam if we want to teach others about Him.

If we just follow our feelings then we get the situation that I found in Christianity: when I questioned my grandmother or priest about things in Christianity that didn’t make sense to me (like the Trinity), I was ordered to just believe and follow the priest and the Church.

I was told that thinking and asking questions would lead me astray!

You have read the verses from God above. Which situation makes more sense as coming from God:

1. use your brain, think and ask, or

2. just turn your brain off, believe the priests and follow blindly?

Think about it!

THE QUR'AN, MUHAMMAD, ADAM AND EVE, THE DEVIL (SATAN)


QS: 7 Sûrat Al-A‘râf [The Heights]

In the Name of Allâh,the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful


1. Alif-Lâm-Mîm-Sâd. [These letters are one of the miracles of the Qur’ân and none but Allâh (Alone) knows their meanings.]

2. (This is the) Book (the Qur’ân) sent down unto you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), so let not your breast be narrow therefrom, that you warn thereby; and a reminder unto the believers.


3. [Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) to these idolaters (pagan Arabs) of your folk:] Follow what has been sent down unto you from your Lord (the Qur’ân and Prophet Muhammad’s Sunnah), and follow not any Auliyâ’ (protectors and helpers who order you to associate partners in worship with Allâh), besides Him (Allâh). Little do you remember!

4. And a great number of towns (their population) We destroyed (for their crimes). Our torment came upon them (suddenly) by night or while they were taking their midday nap.

5. No cry did they utter when Our Torment came upon them but this: "Verily, we were Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers)".

6. Then surely, We shall question those (people) to whom it (the Book) was sent and verily, We shall question the Messengers.

7. Then surely, We shall narrate unto them (their whole story) with knowledge, and indeed We have not been absent.

8. And the weighing on that day (Day of Resurrection) will be the true (weighing)[1]. So as for those whose scale (of good deeds) will be heavy, they will be the successful (by entering Paradise).

9. And as for those whose scale will be light, they are those who will lose their ownselves (by entering Hell) because they denied and rejected Our Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.).

10. And surely, We gave you authority on the earth and appointed for you therein provisions (for your life). Little thanks do you give.

11. And surely, We created you (your father Adam) and then gave you shape (the noble shape of a human being); then We told the angels, "Prostrate yourselves to Adam", and they prostrated themselves, except Iblîs (Satan), he refused to be of those who prostrated themselves.

12. (Allâh) said: "What prevented you (O Iblîs) that you did not prostrate yourself, when I commanded you?" Iblîs said: "I am better than him (Adam), You created me from fire, and him You created from clay."

13. (Allâh) said: "(O Iblîs) get down from this (Paradise), it is not for you to be arrogant here. Get out, for you are of those humiliated and disgraced."

14. (Iblîs) said: "Allow me respite till the Day they are raised up (i.e. the Day of Resurrection)."

15. (Allâh) said: "You are of those respited."

16. (Iblîs) said: "Because You have sent me astray, surely I will sit in wait against them (human beings) on Your Straight Path.

17. "Then I will come to them from before them and behind them, from their right and from their left, and You will not find most of them as thankful ones (i.e. they will not be dutiful to You)."

18. (Allâh) said (to Iblîs): "Get out from this (Paradise), disgraced and expelled. Whoever of them (mankind) will follow you, then surely I will fill Hell with you all."

19. "And O Adam! Dwell you and your wife in Paradise, and eat thereof as you both wish, but approach not this tree otherwise you both will be of the Zâlimûn (unjust and wrong-doers)."

20. Then Shaitân (Satan) whispered suggestions to them both in order to uncover that which was hidden from them of their private parts (before); he said: "Your Lord did not forbid you this tree save that you should become angels or become of the immortals."

21. And he [Shaitân (Satan)] swore by Allâh to them both (saying): "Verily, I am one of the sincere well-wishers for you both."

22. So he misled them with deception. Then when they tasted of the tree, that which was hidden from them of their shame (private parts) became manifest to them and they began to cover themselves with the leaves of Paradise (in order to cover their shame). And their Lord called out to them (saying): "Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you: Verily, Shaitân (Satan) is an open enemy unto you?"

These verses above should make it clear that the Qur’an was sent to the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) as a warning and as a reminder for those who believe. Obviously we cannot be warned or reminded unless we actually READ the Qur’an. The Devil also states that he will come to us and try to lead us astray. If we do not follow the Qur’an and the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) then we are leaving ourselves open to influence from the Devil.

QS: 7.23-30

23. They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers."

24. (Allâh) said: "Get down, one of you is an enemy to the other [i.e. Adam, Hawwâ’ (Eve), and Shaitân (Satan)]. On earth will be a dwelling-place for you and an enjoyment for a time."

25. He said: "Therein you shall live, and therein you shall die, and from it you shall be brought out (i.e. resurrected)."

26. O Children of Adam! We have bestowed raiment upon you to cover yourselves (screen your private parts) and as an adornment; and the raiment of righteousness, that is better. Such are among the Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of Allâh, that they may remember (i.e. leave falsehood and follow truth[1]).

27. O Children of Adam! Let not Shaitân (Satan) deceive you, as he got your parents [Adam and Hawwâ’ (Eve)] out of Paradise, stripping them of their raiments, to show them their private parts. Verily, he and Qabîluhu (his soldiers from the jinn or his tribe) see you from where you cannot see them. Verily, We made the Shayâtin (devils) Auliyâ’ (protectors and helpers) for those who believe not.

28. And when they commit a Fâhishah (evil deed, going round the Ka‘bah in naked state, and every kind of unlawful sexual intercourse), they say: "We found our fathers doing it, and Allâh has commanded it on us." Say: "Nay, Allâh never commands Fâhishah. Do you say of Allâh what you know not?"

29. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم): My Lord has commanded justice and (said) that you should face Him only (i.e. worship none but Allâh and face the Qiblah, i.e. the Ka‘bah at Makkah during prayers) in every place of worship, in prayers (and not to face other false deities and idols), and invoke Him only making your religion sincere to Him (by not joining in worship any partner with Him and with the intention that you are doing your deeds for Allâh’s sake only). As He brought you (into being) in the beginning, so shall you be brought into being [on the Day of Resurrection in two groups, one as a blessed one (believers), and the other as a wretched one (disbelievers)].

30. A group He has guided, and a group deserved to be in error; (because) surely they took the Shayâtîn (devils) as Auliyâ’ (protectors and helpers) instead of Allâh, and think that they are guided.

These verses make it very clear that the Devil can influence people and make them do things which the people will say God ordered them to do or approves of. If something truly comes from God then you would find something similar in the Qur’an or in the actions of the Prophet Muhammad (saw.). Anything “spiritual” that does not follow the Qur’an or the actions of the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) is automatically questionable.

QS: 7.35-41

35. O Children of Adam! If there come to you Messengers from amongst you, reciting to you My Verses, then whosoever becomes pious and righteous, on them shall be no fear nor shall they grieve.

36. But those who reject Our Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations) and treat them with arrogance, they are the dwellers of the (Hell) Fire, they will abide therein forever.

***

38. (Allâh) will say: "Enter you in the company of nations who passed away before you, of men and jinn, into the Fire." Every time a new nation enters, it curses its sister nation (that went before) until they will be gathered all together in the Fire. The last of them will say to the first of them: "Our Lord! These misled us, so give them a double torment of the Fire." He will say: "For each one there is double (torment), but you know not."

39. The first of them will say to the last of them: "You were not better than us, so taste the torment for what you used to earn."

40. Verily, those who belie Our Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations) and treat them with arrogance, for them the gates of heaven will not be opened, and they will not enter Paradise until the camel goes through the eye of the needle (which is impossible). Thus do We recompense the Mujrimûn (criminals, polytheists and sinners).

41. Theirs will be a bed of Hell (Fire), and over them coverings (of Hell-fire). Thus do We recompense the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers).

If Allah sends a Messenger (meaning all of the Prophets) then our job is to listen to the Truth and use the brain that Allah gave us to think and understand. After Allah has sent to us as proof of his existence and proof of how he wants us to behave (especially concerning HOW to worship Allah in the way that HE approves of) then we have two choices: accept or reject. Those who accept and follow will be rewarded with heaven. The others will be punished in Hell.

QS: 7.44-45, 50-51, 179-186

44. And the dwellers of Paradise will call out to the dwellers of the Fire (saying): "We have indeed found true what our Lord had promised us; have you also found true, what your Lord promised (warnings)?" They shall say: "Yes." Then a crier will proclaim between them: "The Curse of Allâh is on the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers)."

45. Those who hindered (men) from the Path of Allâh, and would seek to make it crooked, and they were disbelievers in the Hereafter.

***


50. And the dwellers of the Fire will call to the dwellers of Paradise: "Pour on us some water or anything that Allâh has provided you with." They will say: "Both (water and provision) Allâh has forbidden to the disbelievers."

51. "Who took their religion as an amusement and play, and the life of the world deceived them." So this Day We shall forget them as they forgot their meeting of this Day, and as they used to reject Our Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations).

***

179. And surely, We have created many of the jinn and mankind for Hell. They have hearts wherewith they understand not, and they have eyes wherewith they see not, and they have ears wherewith they hear not (the truth). They are like cattle, nay even more astray; those! They are the heedless ones.

180. And (all) the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allâh[1], so call on Him by them, and leave the company of those who belie or deny (or utter impious speech against) His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do.

181. And of those whom We have created, there is a community who guides (others) with the truth, and establishes justice therewith.

182. Those who reject Our Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.), We shall gradually seize them with punishment in ways they perceive not.

183. And I respite them; certainly My Plan is strong.

184. Do they not reflect? There is no madness in their companion (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم). He is but a plain warner.


185. Do they not look in the dominion of the heavens and the earth and all things that Allâh has created; and that it may be that the end of their lives is near. In what message after this will they then believe?

186. Whomsoever Allâh sends astray, none can guide him; and He lets them wander blindly in their transgressions.

THOSE WHO DO NOT PERFORM SHOLAT

QS: 74.40-43

40. In Gardens (Paradise) they will ask one another,

41. About Al-Mujrimûn (polytheists, criminals, disbelievers), (And they will say to them):

42. "What has caused you to enter Hell?"

43. They will say: "We were not of those who used to offer the Salât (prayers),[2]

IMPORTANCE OF SHOLAT

QS: 4.103

103. When you have finished As-Salât (the congregational prayer), remember Allâh standing, sitting down, and (lying down) on your sides, but when you are free from danger, perform As-Salât (Iqamat-as-Salât). Verily, As-Salât (the prayer) is enjoined on the believers at fixed hours.

Here is the meaning of enjoin from the dictionary. It’s a transitive verb. It means you direct or impose something on someone and you do it from a position of authority over them.

en·join

tr.v. en·joined, en·join·ing, en·joins

1. To direct or impose with authority and emphasis.

This should make it clear. God commands us to do sholat at fixed times.

QS: 2.1-5

1. Alif-Lâm-Mîm. [These letters are one of the miracles of the Qur’ân and none but Allâh (Alone) knows their meanings.]

2. This is the Book (the Qur’ân), whereof there is no doubt, a guidance to those who are Al-Muttaqûn [the pious believers of Islamic Monotheism who fear Allâh much (abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which He has forbidden) and love Allâh much (perform all kinds of good deeds which He has ordained)].

3. Who believe in the Ghaib [1] and perform As-Salât (Iqâmat-as-Salât),[2] and spend out of what We have provided for them [i.e. give Zakât [3], spend on themselves, their parents, their children, their wives, etc., and also give charity to the poor and also in Allâh’s Cause - Jihâd].

4. And who believe in (the Qur’ân and the Sunnah )[4] which has been sent down (revealed) to you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) and in that which was sent down before you [the Taurât (Torah) and the Injeel (Gospel), etc.] and they believe with certainty in the Hereafter. (Resurrection, recompense of their good and bad deeds, Paradise and Hell).

5. They are on (true) guidance from their Lord, and they are the successful.

[1] (V.2:3): Al-Ghaib: literally means a thing not seen. But this word includes vast meanings: Belief in Allâh, Angels, Holy Books, Allâh’s Messengers, Day of Resurrection and Al-Qadar (Divine Pre-ordainments). It also includes what Allâh and His Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم informed about the knowledge of the matters of past, present, and future e.g., news about the creation of the heavens and earth, botanical and zoological life, the news about the nations of the past, and about Paradise and Hell.
[2] (V.2:3): Iqâmat-as-Salât إقامة الصلاة: The performance of Salât (prayers). It means that:
a) Each and every Muslim, male or female, is obliged to offer his Salât (prayers) regularly five times a day at the specified times; the male in a mosque in congregation and the female at home. As the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم has said: "Order your children for Salât (prayers) at the age of seven and beat them (about it) at the age of ten." The chief (of a family, town, tribe, etc.) and the Muslim rulers of a country are held responsible before Allâh in case of non-fulfilment of this obligation by the Muslims under their authority.
b) One must offer the Salât (prayers) as the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم used to offer them with all their rules and regulations, i.e., standing, bowing, prostrating, sitting, as he صلى الله عليه وسلم has said: "Offer your Salât (prayers) the way you see me offering them (see Sahih Al-Bukhâri, Vol.1, H. No. 604 and Vol.9, H. No. 352)."
[For the characteristics of the Salât (prayer) of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم see Sahih Al-Bukhâri, Vol.1, H. No. 702, 703, 704, 723, 786, 787].

Sholat is so important that is mentioned repeatedly in the Holy Qur’an. The method of how to do it is not given in detail, nor are the exact times. Those were described in detail by the Prophet Muhammad (saw.) and recorded in his Hadith (Sayings) which we must also accept as being guided by Allah.

List of verses in the Qur’an that refer to Sholat (Salat)

2.3

2.43

2.45

2.83

2.110

2.125

2.153

2.177

2.238

2.239

2.277

3.39

3.43

3.77

4.101

4.102

4.103

4.142

4.162

5.6

5.12

5.55

5.58

5.91

5.106

6.72

6.92

6.162

7.29

7.170

8.3

8.35

9.5

9.11

9.18

9.54

9.71

9.84

9.108

10.87

11.87

11.114

13.22

14.31

14.37

14.40

17.78

17.110

19.31

19.55

19.59

20.14

20.132

21.73

22.35

22.41

22.78

23.2

23.9

24.41

24.56

24.58

27.3

29.45

30.31

31.4

31.17

33.33

35.18

35.29

42.38

58.13

62.9

62.10

70.22

70.23

70.34

73.20

74.43

75.31

87.15

96.10

98.5

107.4

107.5

HADITHS (SAYING) OF MUHAMMAD ASCENDING TO HEAVEN AND BEING COMMANDED TO DO SHOLAT 5 TIMES PER DAY.


Narrated Mâlik bin Sa‘sa‘ah رضي الله عنه: The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "While I was at the house in a state midway between sleep and wakefulness, (an angel recognized me) as the man lying between two men. A golden tray full of wisdom and belief was brought to me and my body was cut open from the throat to the lower part of the abdomen and then my abdomen was washed with Zamzam water and (my heart was) filled with wisdom and belief. Al-Burâq, a white animal smaller than a mule and bigger than a donkey was brought to me and I set out with Jibrîl (Gabriel). When I reached the nearest heaven, Jibrîl said to the gate-keeper of the heaven, ‘Open the gate.’ The gate-keeper asked, ‘Who is it?’ He said, ‘Jibrîl.’ The gate-keeper, said ‘Who is accompanying you?’ Jibrîl said, ‘Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم’. The gate-keeper said, ‘Has he been called?’ Jibrîl said, ‘Yes’. Then it was said, ‘He is welcome. What a wonderful visit his is!’ Then I met Adam and greeted him and he said, ‘You are welcome O son and a Prophet.’ Then we ascended to the second heaven. It was asked, ‘Who is it?’ Jibrîl said, ‘Jibrîl.’ It was said, ‘Who is with you?’ He said, ‘Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم’. It was asked, ‘Has he been sent for?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ It was said, ‘He is welcome. What a wonderful visit his is.’ Then I met ‘Îsâ (Jesus) and Yahyâ (John) who said, ‘You are welcome, O brother and a Prophet.’ Then we ascended to the third heaven. It was asked, ‘Who is it?’ Jibrîl said, ‘Jibrîl.’ It was asked, ‘Who is with you?’ Jibrîl said, ‘Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم’. It was asked, ‘Has he been sent for?’ Jibrîl said, ‘Yes.’ It was said ‘He is welcome. What a wonderful visit his is!’ (The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم added:). There I met Yûsuf (Joseph) and greeted him, and he replied, ‘You are welcome, O brother and a Prophet!’ Then we ascended to the fourth heaven and again the same questions and answers were exchanged as in the previous heavens. There I met Idrîs (Enoch) and greeted him. He said, ‘You are welcome O brother and Prophet.’ Then we ascended to the fifth heaven and again the same questions and answers were exchanged as in the previous heavens. There I met and greeted Hârûn (Aaron) who said, ‘You are welcome, O brother and a Prophet.’ Then we ascended to the sixth heaven and again the same questions and answers were exchanged as in the previous heavens. There I met and greeted Mûsâ (Moses) who said, ‘You are welcome, O brother and a Prophet.’ When I proceeded on, he started weeping and on being asked why he was weeping, he said, ‘O Lord! Followers of this youth who was sent after me will enter Paradise in greater number than my followers.’ Then we ascended to the seventh heaven and again the same questions and answers were exchanged as in the previous heavens. There I met and greeted Abraham who said, ‘You are welcome, O son and a Prophet.’ Then I was shown Al-Bait Al-Ma‘mûr (i.e. Allah’s House). I asked Jibrîl about it and he said, ‘This is Al-Bait Al-Ma‘mûr where 70,000 angels perform prayers daily; and when they leave they never return to it (but always a fresh batch comes into it daily).’ Then I was shown Sidrat-ul Muntaha (i.e. the lote-tree of the utmost boundary over the seventh heaven) and I saw its Nabiq fruits which resembled the clay jugs of Hajar (a town in Arabia), and its leaves were like the ears of elephants, and four rivers originated at its root: two of them were apparent and two were hidden. I asked Jibrîl about those rivers and he said, ‘The two hidden rivers are in Paradise and the apparent ones are the Nile and the Euphrates.’ Then fifty prayers were enjoined on me. I descended till I met Mûsâ who asked me, ‘What have you done?’ I said, ‘Fifty prayers have been enjoined on me.’ He said, ‘I know the people better than you, because I had the hardest experience to bring Banî Israel to obedience. Your followers cannot put up with such obligation. So, return to your Lord and request Him (to reduce the number of prayers).’ I returned and requested Allah (for reduction) and He made it forty. I returned and [met Mûsâ] and had a similar discussion, and then returned again to Allah for reduction and He made it thirty, then twenty, then ten; and then I came to Mûsâ! who repeated the same advice. Ultimately Allah reduced it to five. When I came to Mûsâ again, he said, ‘What have you done?’ I said, ‘Allah has made it five only.’ He repeated the same advice but I said that I surrendered (to Allah’s Final Order)" Allah’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم was addressed by Allah, "I have decreed My Obligation and have reduced the burden on My slaves, and I shall reward a single good deed as if it were ten good deeds." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Vol. 4, Hadîth No.429).

The meaning behind this hadith is accepted and not disputed by anyone. Two things are important here:

1. Muslims are obligated to pray 5 times per day as a direct commandment from Allah.

2. Each prayer is rewarded 10 times over. So 5 prayers is counted as 50 prayers, as a mercy and a blessing from God.

Also note that the Prophet having the special place closest to God in the seventh heaven was in fact Ibrahim (Abraham), not Jesus or Moses.

JESUS, JEWS & CHRISTIANS IN THE QUR'AN

QS: 2.111

111. And they say, "None shall enter Paradise unless he be a Jew or a Christian." These are their own desires. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), "Produce your proof if you are truthful."

QS: 4.155-159

155. Because of their breaking the covenant, and of their rejecting the Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of Allâh, and of their killing the Prophets unjustly, and of their saying: "Our hearts are wrapped (with coverings, i.e. we do not understand what the Messengers say)" - nay, Allâh has set a seal upon their hearts because of their disbelief, so they believe not but a little.

156. And because of their (Jews) disbelief and uttering against Maryam (Mary السلام عليهما) a grave false charge (that she has committed illegal sexual intercourse);

157. And because of their saying (in boast), "We killed Messiah ‘Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), the Messenger of Allâh," - but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but it appeared so to them [the resemblance of ‘Îsâ (Jesus) was put over another man (and they killed that man)], and those who differ therein are full of doubts. They have no (certain) knowledge, they follow nothing but conjecture. For surely; they killed him not [i.e. ‘Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary) عليهما السلام]:

158. But Allâh raised him [‘Îsâ (Jesus)] up (with his body and soul) unto Himself (and he عليه السلام is in the heavens). And Allâh is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise.

159. And there is none of the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians) but must believe in him [‘Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), as only a Messenger of Allâh and a human being][1] before his [‘Îsâ (Jesus) عليه السلام) or a Jew’s or a Christian’s] death[2] (at the time of the appearance of the angel of death). And on the Day of Resurrection, he [‘Îsâ (Jesus)] will be a witness against them.

QS: 4.171

171. O people of the Scripture (Christians)! Do not exceed the limits in your religion, nor say of Allâh aught but the truth. The Messiah ‘Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary), was (no more than) a Messenger of Allâh and His Word, ("Be!" - and he was) which He bestowed on Maryam (Mary) and a spirit (Rûh )[1] created by Him; so believe in Allâh and His Messengers. Say not: "Three (trinity)!" Cease! (it is) better for you. For Allâh is (the only) One Ilâh (God), glory be to Him (Far Exalted is He) above having a son. To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allâh is All-Sufficient as a Disposer of affairs.[2]

[1] (V.4:171) Rûh-ullâh: According to the early religious scholars from among the Companions of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and their students and the Mujtahidûn , there is a rule to distinguish between the two nouns in the genitive construction:
a) When one of the two nouns is Allâh, and the other is a person or a thing, e.g. Allâh’s House (Bait-ullâh); Allâh’s Messenger (Rasul-ullâh): Allâh’s slave (‘Abdullâh): Allâh’s spirit (Rûh-ullâh), the rule for the above words is that the second noun, e.g., house, messenger, slave, spirit is created by Allâh and is honourable in His Sight, and similarly, Allâh’s spirit may be understood as the spirit of Allâh, in fact it is a soul created by Allâh, i.e. ‘Îsâ (Jesus). And it was His Word: "Be!" -and he was.[i.e. ‘Îsâ (Jesus) was created like Adam].
b) But when one of the two is Allâh and the second is neither a person nor a thing, then it is not a created thing but is a quality of Allâh e.g. Allâh’s Knowledge (‘Ilm-ullâh); Allâh’s Life (Hayât-ullâh); Allâh’s Statement (Kalâm-ullâh); Allâh’s Self (Dhat-ullâh).
[2] (V.4:171) Narrated ‘Ubadah رضي الله عنه : The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "If anyone testifies that lâ ilâha illallâh (none has the right to be worshipped but Allâh Alone) Who has no partners, and that Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم is His slave and His Messenger, and that Jesus عليه السلام is Allâh’s slave and His Messenger and His Word ("Be!" - and he was) which He bestowed on Mary and a spirit (Rûh) created by Him, and that Paradise is the truth, and Hell is the truth - Allâh will admit him into Paradise with the deeds which he had done even if those deeds were few." (Junadah, the subnarrator said; "Ubâdah added: ‘Such a person can enter Paradise through any of its eight gates he likes.’ ") (Sahih Al Bukhârî, Vol. 4, Hadîth No. 644).

QS: 5.14- 17

14. And from those who call themselves Christians, We took their covenant, but they have abandoned a good part of the Message that was sent to them.[1] So We planted amongst them enmity and hatred till the Day of Resurrection (when they discarded Allâh’s Book, disobeyed Allâh’s Messengers and His Orders and transgressed beyond bounds in Allâh’s disobedience); and Allâh will inform them of what they used to do.

15. O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! Now has come to you Our Messenger (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) explaining to you much of that which you used to hide from the Scripture and pass over (i.e. leaving out without explaining) much. Indeed, there has come to you from Allâh a light (Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) and a plain Book (this Qur’ân).

16. Wherewith Allâh guides all those who seek His Good Pleasure to ways of peace, and He brings them out of darkness by His Will unto light and guides them to the Straight Way (Islâmic Monotheism).

17. Surely, in disbelief are they who say that Allâh is the Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary)[2]. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم): "Who then has the least power against Allâh, if He were to destroy the Messiah, son of Maryam (Mary), his mother, and all those who are on the earth together?" And to Allâh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them. He creates what He wills. And Allâh is Able to do all things.

QS: 5.116-118

116. And (remember) when Allâh will say (on the Day of Resurrection): "O ‘Îsâ (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary)! Did you say unto men: ‘Worship me and my mother as two gods besides Allâh?’ " He will say: "Glory be to You! It was not for me to say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, You would surely have known it. You know what is in my inner-self though I do not know what is in Yours; truly, You, only You, are the All-Knower of all that is hidden (and unseen).

117. "Never did I say to them aught except what You (Allâh) did command me to say: ‘Worship Allâh, my Lord and your Lord.’ And I was a witness over them while I dwelt amongst them, but when You took me up, You were the Watcher over them; and You are a Witness to all things. (This is a great admonition and warning to the Christians of the whole world).

118. "If You punish them, they are Your slaves, and if You forgive them, verily You, only You, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise[1]."

QS: 9.32-35

32. They (the disbelievers, the Jews and the Christians) want to extinguish Allâh’s Light (with which Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم has been sent - Islâmic Monotheism) with their mouths, but Allâh will not allow except that His Light should be perfected even though the Kâfirûn (disbelievers) hate (it).

33. It is He Who has sent His Messenger (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) with guidance and the religion of truth (Islâm), to make it superior over all religions even though the Mushrikûn (polytheists, pagans, idolaters, disbelievers in the Oneness of Allâh) hate (it).

34. O you who believe! Verily, there are many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks who devour the wealth of mankind in falsehood, and hinder (them) from the Way of Allâh (i.e. Allâh’s religion of Islâmic Monotheism). And those who hoard up gold and silver [Al-Kanz: the money, the Zakât of which has not been paid] and spend them not in the Way of Allâh, announce unto them a painful torment.

35. On the Day when that (Al-Kanz: money, gold and silver the Zakât of which has not been paid) will be heated in the Fire of Hell and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, (and it will be said unto them): "This is the treasure which you hoarded for yourselves. Now taste of what you used to hoard."[1]

QS: 10.65-70

65. And let not their speech grieve you (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم), for all power and honour belong to Allâh. He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.

66. No doubt! Verily, to Allâh belongs whosoever is in the heavens and whosoever is in the earth. And those who worship and invoke others besides Allâh, in fact they follow not (Allâh’s so-called) partners, they follow only a conjecture and they only invent lies.

67. He it is Who has appointed for you the night that you may rest therein, and the day to make things visible (to you). Verily, in this are Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) for a people who listen (i.e. those who think deeply).

68. They (Jews, Christians and pagans) say: "Allâh has begotten a son (children)." Glory is to Him! He is Rich (Free of all needs). His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. No warrant you have for this. Do you say against Allâh what you know not?[3]

69. Say: "Verily, those who invent a lie against Allâh will never be successful" -

70. (A brief) enjoyment in this world! - and then unto Us will be their return, then We shall make them taste the severest torment because they used to disbelieve [in Allâh, belie His Messengers, deny and challenge His Ayât (proofs, signs, verses, etc.)].


There are many more verses about Jesus, Christians and Jews in the Qur'an. I think that this is enough for the moment.

Regards,


Yusuf Al Qaradawi on Woman Acting as Imam in Prayer

Source:

Fatwa Question Details

Title: Woman Acting as Imam in Prayer

Answer from: Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi

Question :

In an unprecedented step in history, a Muslim woman announced that she will lead a public, mixed-gender Friday Prayer on March 18, 2005, in New York City.

The sister said that she will call for giving women the right to some religious duties as men, such as the right to lead people in Prayer and stand in any row in the Prayer, not only in the rear rows behind men. She considers that confining leadership in Prayer and standing in the first rows to men is no more than outdated social customs that have nothing to do with religion.

The researches that she made on the question in hand state that there is nothing in the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) that indicates that women are prevented from leading people, male and female, in Prayer. She sees that denying women the right to lead in Prayer is a social attitude long ago, followed in the Muslim communities without there being attempts made to put it right.

Could we please have the opinion of Dr. Yusuf Al-Qaradawi on this issue, as he is known for his moderate opinions? Jazakum Allah Khayran.

Date

16/Mar/2005

Mufti

Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi

Answer

In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

All praise and thanks are due to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His Messenger.

Brother, we really do appreciate your question, which shows how interested you are in becoming well acquainted with Islam and its teachings. May Allah bless your efforts in the pursuit of knowledge!

The vast majority of scholars agree that it is not permissible for a woman to lead men in obligatory Prayers. However, there is a minority of scholars who consider it permissible for a woman to lead members of her own household including men in Prayer, on condition that she is old and well-versed in the Qur’an and that she stands behind, not in front of them.

A woman is allowed to lead other women in Prayer, in which case she is to stand along with them in the row, not in front of them.

As for women’s leading men in general in Prayers, there is a scholarly consensus that it is impermissible. So is also the case with women’s leading people in the Friday Prayer and delivering them the Friday sermon, though they may give other religious lessons in general to people.

In his response to your question, the eminent Muslim scholar Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi states:

Throughout Muslim history it has never been heard of a woman leading the Friday Prayer or delivering the Friday sermon, even during the era when a woman, Shagarat Ad-Durr, was ruling the Muslims in Egypt during the Mamluk period.

It is established that leadership in Prayer in Islam is to be for men. People praying behind an imam are to follow him in the movements of prayer—bowing, prostrating, etc., and listen attentively to him reciting the Qur’an in Prayer.

Prayer in Islam is an act that involves different movements of the body; it does not consist merely of saying supplications as it is the case with prayer in Christianity. Moreover, it requires concentration of the mind, humility, and complete submission of the heart to Almighty Allah. Hence, it does not befit a woman, whose structure of physique naturally arouses instincts in men, to lead men in Prayer and stand in front of them, for this may divert the men’s attention from concentrating in the Prayer and the spiritual atmosphere required.

Islam is a religion that takes into account the different aspects, material or spiritual, of man’s character. It does not treat people as super angels; it admits that they are humans with instincts and desires. So it is wise of Islam to lay down for them the rulings that avert them succumbing to their desires, especially during acts of worship where spiritual uplifting is required.

Hence, it is to avoid the stirring the instincts of men that the Shari`ah dictates that only men can call for Prayer and lead people in the Prayer, and that women’s rows in Prayer be behind the men. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was reported to have said, “The women’s best rows (in Prayer) are the last ones, and the worst of theirs are the first ones, while the men’s best rows (in Prayer) are the first ones and the worst of theirs are the last ones.”

Rulings pertaining to leadership in Prayer are established by evidence of authentic hadiths as well as the scholarly unanimity of Muslims. They are based on religious teachings, not on social customs as it is has been claimed.

The different juristic schools agree that it is not permissible for women to lead men in the obligatory Prayer, though some scholars voice the opinion that the woman who is well-versed in the Qur’an may lead the members of her family, including men, in Prayer on the basis that there is no room for stirring instincts in this case.

However, there is no single Muslim jurist ever heard to have agreed to the woman’s leading people in the Friday Prayer or delivering its sermon, though if we review the religious texts pertaining to the rulings of Prayer, we will not find a text that states point blank that women are not permitted to lead people in Prayer or deliver the Friday sermon.

There is only one hadith, which is not well-authenticated, reported by Ibn Majah on the authority of Jabir ibn `Abdullah in this connection; it is to the effect that “A woman may not lead a man in Prayer, nor may a Bedouin lead a believer of the Muhajirun or a corrupt person lead a committed Muslim in Prayer.” The eminent scholars of Hadith say that the chain of reporters of this hadith is extremely weak, and hence, it is not to be taken as evidence in the question in hand.

Furthermore, there is another hadith that contradicts this one. It is reported by Imam Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and others on the authority of Umm Waraqah, who said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed a muezzin for her, and ordered her to lead the members of her household (who included both men and women) in Prayer.

Though scholars of Hadith also regard the chain of reporters of this hadith as weak, yet it has to do with a special case in which a woman well-versed in the Qur’an led the members of her family in Prayer where usually would be no place for arousing instincts among them.

Furthermore, Ad-Darqatani reported that the order the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave to Umm Waraqah here was that she lead the women among her household in Prayer.

Commenting on this report of Ad-Darqatani, Ibn Qudamah said in his book Al-Mughni, “This addition of Ad-Darqatani must be accepted even if it had not been mentioned pointblank in the hadith in question. It is to be logically deduced from the hadith that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Umm Waraqah to lead the women of her household in obligatory Prayer, for (according to the hadith) he (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed her a muezzin, and the Adzhan is practiced only in the obligatory Prayer; besides, there is no scholarly disagreement regarding it being impermissible for women to lead men in obligatory Prayers.”

Ibn Qudamah then said, “Even had Umm Waraqah been ordered to lead both men and women of her household in Prayer, this would have been peculiar to her, for no other woman was appointed a muezzin (by the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him) as was the case with her, and hence, it would have followed from this that leading men of her household in Prayer had been peculiar to her.”

Ibn Qudamah, moreover, supported his view by saying that since women are not permitted to call the Adzhan for Prayer for men, they are also not allowed to lead them in Prayer.

But I do not agree with Ibn Qudamah that it is probable that the permission given to Umm Waraqah to lead her household, including men, in Prayer was peculiar to her. I believe that any woman well-versed in the Qur’an like Umm Waraqah may lead her family members, including men, in both obligatory and supererogatory Prayers, especially the Tarawih Prayers.

There is a dependable opinion in the Hanbali School of jurisprudence that says that women can lead men in the Tarawih Prayers.

Az-Zarkashei said in this respect, “According to Imam Ahmad and the majority of his followers, it is permissible for women to lead men in the Tarawih Prayers.”

This has been also reported by Ibn Hubairah to have been held by Imam Ahmad. (Al-Ifsah `an Ma`ani As-Sihah, vol. 1, p. 145.)

But it is to be kept in mind that this applies only to women who are well-versed in the Qur’an when it comes to leading their household and relatives in Prayer. Moreover, some scholars see that this is confined to women who are advanced in age.

In addition, the author of Al-Insaf said, “A woman may lead (her household of) men in Prayer, (but) in which case, she is to stand behind them, to be on the safe side (with regard to arousing instincts).”

Standing behind men in leading Prayer in this case is an exception from the rule that states that the imam of Prayer is to stand before the people he leads, but it should be done here to avoid stirring seduction as far as possible.”

A Woman Leading Other Women in Prayer

Regarding a woman leading ONLY women in Prayer, there are a number of hadiths such as these:

The hadith of `A’ishah and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them). `Abdur-Raziq (5086), Ad-Daraqutni (1/404) and Al-Bayhaqi (3/131) reported from the narration of Abu Hazim Maysarah ibn Habib from Ra’itah Al-Hanafiyyah from `A’ishah that she led women in Prayer and stood among them in an obligatory Prayer. Moreover, Ibn Abi Shaybah (2/89) reported from the chain of narrators of Ibn Abi Layla from `Ata’ that `A’ishah used to say the Adhan, the Iqamah, and lead women in Prayer while standing among them in the same row. Al-Hakim also reported the same hadith from the chain of narrators of Layth Ibn Abi Sulaim from `Ata’, and the wording of the hadith mentioned here is Al-Hakim’s.

Furthermore, Ash-Shafi`i (315), Ibn Abi Shaybah (88/2) and `Abdur-Raziq (5082) reported from two chains of narrators that report the narration of `Ammar Ad-Dahni in which he stated that a woman from his tribe named Hujayrah narrated that Umm Salamh used to lead women in Prayer while standing among them in the same row.

The wording of `Abdur-Raziq for the same hadith is as follows: “Umm Salamah led us (women) in the `Asr Prayer and stood among us (in the same row).”

In addition, Al-Hafiz said in Ad-Dirayah (1/169), “Muhammad ibn Al-Husain reported from the narration of Ibrahim An-Nakh`i that `A’ishah used to lead women in Prayer during the month of Ramadan while standing among them in the same row.

Further, `Abdur-Raziq reported (5083) from the narration of Ibrahim ibn Muhammad from Dawud ibn Al-Husain from `Ikrimah from Ibn `Abbas that the latter said, “A woman can lead women in Prayer while standing between them.”

Would that our sisters who are so enthusiastic about women’s rights revive this act of Sunnah—a woman leading other women in Prayer—instead of innovating this rejected novelty: a woman leading men in Prayer.

The following is stated in Al-Mughni:

The narrations differ as to whether it is desirable for a woman to lead other women in congregational Prayer. It is reported that the matter is desirable, as the following scholars said that a woman can lead other women in Prayer: `A’ishah, Umm Salamah, `Ata’, Athawri, Al-Awza`i, Ash-Shafi`i, Ishaq, and Abu Thawr. Furthermore, it is narrated that Ahmad ibn Hanbal (may Allah be merciful to him) said that the matter is desirable. However, ahul ar-ra’i (scholars who mostly depend on reason in deducing rulings) regard the matter as undesirable, but if such congregational Prayer is done, it will be sufficient for the women who perform it. As for Ash-Sha`bi, An-Nakh`i and Qatadah, they say that women can perform Prayer this way in supererogatory Prayers but not in obligatory ones.

It is important here to state that the original judgment concerning acts of worship is that anything not prescribed in Shari`ah in explicit texts is prohibited, so that people may not innovate matters in religion not ordained by Allah. Thus, people may not innovate a certain act of worship, change or add things in the ordained ones according to their own fancies or only because they think such matters are desirable. Whoever innovates anything in religion or adds to it whatever is not in it—that addition or innovation is rejected.

That is exactly what Allah has warned us from in the Qur’an when He dispraised the disbelievers saying, (Or have they partners (of Allah) who have made lawful for them in religion that which Allah allowed not?) (Ahs-Shura 42: 21)

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also warned against the same wrongdoing in the hadith which states, “Whoever innovates in this matter of ours (i.e., in our religion) whatever is not in it, that innovated thing is rejected” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also said, “Beware of innovated matters, for every novelty is perversity” (Ahmad in his Musnad and regarded as authentic). All scholars are resolved that acts of worship are unchangeable and must be taken exactly as Allah has ordained them.

Other religions were distorted and their acts of worship and rituals were changed when people innovated in them, and their men of religion did not stand against innovators.

However, as regards matters like transactions and worldly affairs, the original judgment concerning them is that they are permitted, for the Islamic rule is following in religious matters and innovating in worldly matters. This was the rule to which Muslims adhered during the times of their superiority in civilization. They followed in religion and innovated in life, and that was how they created a lofty civilization. But when their condition worsened, they reversed the matter; they innovated in affairs of religion and kept the worldly affairs.

A last word to conclude this issue: What is the necessity of making all this fuss? Is that what the Muslim woman lacks—to lead men in Friday Prayer? Was that one of the Muslim women’s demands at any time?

We see other religions specifying many matters for men and their women do not protest. So why do our women do so, exaggerating in their demands and arousing what will cause dissension among Muslims at such time when they need their unity the most to face afflictions, hardships, and major plots that aim at their complete destruction?

My advice to the sister referred to in the question is that she should revert to her Lord and religion and extinguish this strife which is unnecessary to be lit. I also advise my Muslim brothers and sisters in the United States not to answer this stirring call and to stand as one in front of these trials and conspiracies woven around them.

I ask Allah to inspire our sons, daughters, brothers, and sisters everywhere sound judgment in speeches and right guidance in deeds. I also ask Him to make them all see what is right and grant them to abide by it, and see what is wrong and grant them to avoid it. Ameen. (Our Lord! Cause not our hearts to stray after Thou hast guided us, and bestow upon us mercy from Thy Presence. Lo! Thou, only Thou art the Bestower) (Aal `Imran 3:8).

You can also read:

A Woman Leading Other Women in Prayer

Can a Woman Act as Imam or Deliver Jum`ah Khutbah?

A Woman Leading Congregational Prayer

Qualifications of the Imam in Prayer

Can Women Lead People in Friday Prayer?

Women Leading Friday Prayer: AMJA’s Statement

Kebenaran Islam


ALLAH TIMPAKAN KEMURKAAN PD ORG YG TDK GUNAKAN AKALNYA

Yunus QS. 10.100

100. Dan tidak ada seorangpun akan beriman kecuali dengan izin Allah; dan Allah menimpakan kemurkaan kepada orang-orang yang tidak mempergunakan akalnya.

HANYA AGAMA ISLAM YANG DITERIMA ALLAH

Ali Imron QS: 3.85

85. Barangsiapa mencari agama selain agama Islam, maka sekali-kali tidaklah akan diterima (agama itu) daripadanya, dan dia di akhirat termasuk orang-orang yang rugi.

AL QURAN TDK DARI NABI

An Najm QS: 53.1-5

1. Demi bintang ketika terbenam,

2. kawanmu (Muhammad) tidak sesat dan tidak pula keliru,

3. dan tiadalah yang diucapkannya itu (Al Qur'an) menurut kemauan hawa nafsunya.

4. Ucapannya itu tiada lain hanyalah wahyu yang diwahyukan (kepadanya),

5. yang diajarkan kepadanya oleh (Jibril) yang sangat kuat,

ALLAH TERUNKAN & MENJAGA AL QUR'AN

Al Hijr QS: 15.9

[15.9] Sesungguhnya Kami-lah yang menurunkan Al Qur'an, dan sesungguhnya Kami benar-benar memeliharanya.

NABI ADALAH UTUSAN ALLAH

Al Araaf QS: 7.158

158. Katakanlah: "Hai manusia sesungguhnya aku adalah utusan Allah kepadamu semua, yaitu Allah yang mempunyai kerajaan langit dan bumi; tidak ada Tuhan (yang berhak disembah) selain Dia, Yang menghidupkan dan mematikan, maka berimanlah kamu kepada Allah dan Rasul Nya, Nabi yang ummi yang beriman kepada Allah dan kepada kalimat-kalimat-Nya (kitab-kitab-Nya) dan ikutilah dia, supaya kamu mendapat petunjuk".

MUHAMMAD ADALAH PENUTUP/NABI TERAKHIR

Al Ahzab QS: 33.40.

40. Muhammad itu sekali-kali bukanlah bapak dari seorang laki-laki di antara kamu tetapi dia adalah Rasulullah dan penutup nabi-nabi. Dan adalah Allah Maha Mengetahui segala sesuatu.

TIDAK BOLEH ADA PERUBAHAN PADA AGAMA ALLAH

Ar Rum QS: 30.29-32

29. Tetapi orang-orang yang zalim, mengikuti hawa nafsunya tanpa ilmu pengetahuan; maka siapakah yang akan menunjuki orang yang telah disesatkan Allah? Dan tiadalah bagi mereka seorang penolongpun.

30. Maka hadapkanlah wajahmu dengan lurus kepada agama (Allah); (tetaplah atas) fithrah Allah yang telah menciptakan manusia menurut fithrah itu. Tidak ada perubahan pada fithrah Allah. (Itulah) agama yang lurus; (1) tetapi kebanyakan manusia tidak mengetahui,

31. dengan kembali bertaubat kepada-Nya dan bertakwalah kepada-Nya serta dirikanlah shalat dan janganlah kamu termasuk orang-orang yang mempersekutukan Allah,

32. yaitu orang-orang yang memecah belah agama mereka (2) dan mereka menjadi beberapa golongan. Tiap-tiap golongan merasa bangga dengan apa yang ada pada golongan mereka.

KRISTEN SAMA DENGAN KAFIR

Al Maidah QS: 5.17, juga lihat ayat 72-73.

17. Sesungguhnya telah kafirlah orang-orang yang berkata: "Sesungguhnya Allah itu ialah Al Masih putera Maryam". Katakanlah: "Maka siapakah (gerangan) yang dapat menghalang-halangi kehendak Allah, jika Dia hendak membinasakan Al Masih putera Maryam itu beserta ibunya dan seluruh orang-orang yang berada di bumi semuanya?" Kepunyaan Allah-lah kerajaan langit dan bumi dan apa yang di antara keduanya; Dia menciptakan apa yang dikehendaki-Nya. Dan Allah Maha Kuasa atas segala sesuatu.

KUTUKAN BAGI ORANG KAFIR

Ali Imron QS: 3.87

87. Mereka itu, balasannya ialah: bahwasanya la'nat Allah ditimpakan kepada mereka, (demikian pula) la'nat para malaikat dan manusia seluruhnya,

ALLAH MUSUH ORG KAFIR

Al Baqarah QS: 2.98

[2.98] Barang siapa yang menjadi musuh Allah, malaikat-malaikat- Nya, rasul-rasul-Nya, Jibril dan Mikail, maka sesungguhnya Allah adalah musuh orang-orang kafir.

AMAL TIDAK DITERIMA DARI ORG KAFIR

Al Kahfi QS: 18.103-106

103. Katakanlah: "Apakah akan Kami beritahukan kepadamu tentang orang-orang yang paling merugi perbuatannya?"

104. Yaitu orang-orang yang telah sia-sia perbuatannya dalam kehidupan dunia ini, sedangkan mereka menyangka bahwa mereka berbuat sebaik-baiknya.

105. Mereka itu orang-orang yang kufur terhadap ayat-ayat Tuhan mereka dan (kufur terhadap) perjumpaan dengan Dia. Maka hapuslah amalan-amalan mereka, dan Kami tidak mengadakan suatu penilaian bagi (amalan) mereka pada hari kiamat.

106. Demikianlah balasan mereka itu neraka Jahannam, disebabkan kekafiran mereka dan disebabkan mereka menjadikan ayat-ayat-Ku dan rasul-rasul-Ku sebagai olok-olok.

PERINTAH UNTUK SHOLAT

Annisa QS: 4.103

103. Maka apabila kamu telah menyelesaikan shalat (mu), ingatlah Allah di waktu berdiri, di waktu duduk dan di waktu berbaring. Kemudian apabila kamu telah merasa aman, maka dirikanlah shalat itu (sebagaimana biasa). Sesungguhnya shalat itu adalah kewajiban yang ditentukan waktunya atas orang-orang yang beriman.

ANCAMAN TERHADAP ORANG YANG TIDAK SHOLAT

Al Mudatsir QS: 74.38-43

38. Tiap-tiap diri bertanggung jawab atas apa yang telah diperbuatnya,

39. kecuali golongan kanan,

40. berada di dalam surga, mereka tanya menanya,

41. tentang (keadaan) orang-orang yang berdosa,

42. "Apakah yang memasukkan kamu ke dalam Saqar (neraka)?"

43. Mereka menjawab: "Kami dahulu tidak termasuk orang-orang yang mengerjakan shalat,

JANGAN MATI KECUALI DLM KEADAAN BERAGAMA ISLAM

Ali Imron QS: 3.102

[3.102] Hai orang-orang yang beriman, bertakwalah kepada Allah sebenar-benar takwa kepada-Nya; dan janganlah sekali-kali kamu mati melainkan dalam keadaan beragama Islam

HANYA ORG KAFIR DEBATKAN AYAT ALLAH

Al Mu'min QS. 40.4

[40.4] Tidak ada yang memperdebatkan tentang ayat-ayat Allah, kecuali orang-orang yang kafir. Karena itu janganlah pulang balik mereka dengan bebas dari suatu kota ke kota yang lain memperdayakan kamu.

MENGIKUTI ORG TUA YG SESAT

Al Baqaroh QS.2.170-171

[2.170] Dan apabila dikatakan kepada mereka: "Ikutilah apa yang telah diturunkan Allah," mereka menjawab: "(Tidak), tetapi kami hanya mengikuti apa yang telah kami dapati dari (perbuatan) nenek moyang kami". "(Apakah mereka akan mengikuti juga), walaupun nenek moyang mereka itu tidak mengetahui suatu apa pun, dan tidak mendapat petunjuk?"'

[2.171] Dan perumpamaan (orang yang menyeru) orang-orang kafir adalah seperti penggembala yang memanggil binatang yang tidak mendengar selain panggilan dan seruan saja. Mereka tuli, bisu dan buta, maka (oleh sebab itu) mereka tidak mengerti.

YAHUDI/NASRANI TDK SENANG HINGGA KAMU IKUTI AGAMA MEREKA

Al Baqarah QS: 2.120

120. Orang-orang Yahudi dan Nasrani tidak akan senang kepada kamu hingga kamu mengikuti agama mereka. Katakanlah: "Sesungguhnya petunjuk Allah itulah petunjuk (yang benar)". Dan sesungguhnya jika kamu mengikuti kemauan mereka setelah pengetahuan datang kepadamu, maka Allah tidak lagi menjadi pelindung dan penolong bagimu.

Related Posts Plugin for WordPress, Blogger...